These situations are commonly resolved by using workarounds (TEI Consortium 2016d). Although <hi xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" rend="italic">syntactically</hi> permissible on the level of XML markup, these workarounds establish structures beyond the data model of the tree and can lead to misrepresentation of the data on <hi xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" rend="italic">semantic</hi>, modelling level, seriously harming effective re-use and long-term archiving.