In den vergangenen Jahren konnte die automatisierte Erkennung sowohl handschriftlicher als auch alter Druckschriften stark verbessert werden. Sowohl für Handschriften als auch für alte Drucke hat sich der Einsatz von Handwritten Text Recognition (HTR) bewährt, die auf dem Einsatz neuronaler Netze beruht.<ref xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" n="1" target="ftn1" /> Führend in der Implementierung der Technologie ist die Plattform Transkribus, die im Rahmen von Projekt READ zwischen 2016 und 2019 stetig weiter entwickelt wurde <?biblio ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"acG6h6sq","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(Muehlberger u.//uc0//u160{}a. 2019)","plainCitation":"(Muehlberger u. a. 2019)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":17597,"uris":["http://zotero.org/users/534029/items/QM846BIY"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/534029/items/QM846BIY"],"itemData":{"id":17597,"type":"article-journal","title":"Transforming scholarship in the archives through handwritten text recognition : Transkribus as a case study","container-title":"Journal of Documentation","page":"Epub ahead of print","volume":"ahead-of","issue":"ahead-of-p","source":"www.zora.uzh.ch","abstract":"Purpose: An overview of the current use of handwritten text recognition (HTR) on archival manuscript material, as provided by the EU H2020 funded Transkribus platform. It explains HTR, demonstrates Transkribus, gives examples of use cases, highlights the affect HTR may have on scholarship, and evidences this turning point of the advanced use of digitised heritage content. The paper aims to discuss these issues. - Design/methodology/approach: This paper adopts a case study approach, using the development and delivery of the one openly available HTR platform for manuscript material. - Findings: Transkribus has demonstrated that HTR is now a useable technology that can be employed in conjunction with mass digitisation to generate accurate transcripts of archival material. Use cases are demonstrated, and a cooperative model is suggested as a way to ensure sustainability and scaling of the platform. However, funding and resourcing issues are identified. - Research limitations/implications: The paper presents results from projects: further user studies could be undertaken involving interviews, surveys, etc. - Practical implications: Only HTR provided via Transkribus is covered: however, this is the only publicly available platform for HTR on individual collections of historical documents at time of writing and it represents the current state-of-the-art in this field. - Social implications: The increased access to information contained within historical texts has the potential to be transformational for both institutions and individuals. - Originality/value: This is the first published overview of how HTR is used by a wide archival studies community, reporting and showcasing current application of handwriting technology in the cultural heritage sector.","DOI":"10.1108/jd-07-2018-0114","ISSN":"0022-0418","title-short":"Transforming scholarship in the archives through handwritten text recognition","language":"eng","author":[{"family":"Muehlberger","given":"Guenter"},{"family":"Seaward","given":"Louise"},{"family":"Terras","given":"Melissa"},{"family":"Ares Oliveira","given":"Sofia"},{"family":"Bosch","given":"Vicente"},{"family":"Bryan","given":"Maximilian"},{"family":"Colutto","given":"Sebastian"},{"family":"Déjean","given":"Hervé"},{"family":"Diem","given":"Markus"},{"family":"Fiel","given":"Stefan"},{"family":"Gatos","given":"Basilis"},{"family":"Greinoecker","given":"Albert"},{"family":"Grüning","given":"Tobias"},{"family":"Hackl","given":"Guenter"},{"family":"Haukkovaara","given":"Vili"},{"family":"Heyer","given":"Gerhard"},{"family":"Hirvonen","given":"Lauri"},{"family":"Hodel","given":"Tobias"},{"family":"Jokinen","given":"Matti"},{"family":"Kahle","given":"Philip"},{"family":"Kallio","given":"Mario"},{"family":"Kaplan","given":"Frederic"},{"family":"Kleber","given":"Florian"},{"family":"Labahn","given":"Roger"},{"family":"Lang","given":"Eva Maria"},{"family":"Laube","given":"Sören"},{"family":"Leifert","given":"Gundram"},{"family":"Louloudis","given":"Georgios"},{"family":"McNicholl","given":"Rory"},{"family":"Meunier","given":"Jean-Luc"},{"family":"Michael","given":"Johannes"},{"family":"Mühlbauer","given":"Elena"},{"family":"Philipp","given":"Nathanael"},{"family":"Pratikakis","given":"Ioannis"},{"family":"Puigcerver Pérez","given":"Joan"},{"family":"Putz","given":"Hannelore"},{"family":"Retsinas","given":"George"},{"family":"Romero","given":"Verónica"},{"family":"Sablatnig","given":"Robert"},{"family":"Sánchez","given":"Joan Andreu"},{"family":"Schofield","given":"Philip"},{"family":"Sfikas","given":"Giorgos"},{"family":"Sieber","given":"Christian"},{"family":"Stamatopoulos","given":"Nikolaos"},{"family":"Strauss","given":"Tobias"},{"family":"Terbul","given":"Tamara"},{"family":"Toselli","given":"Alejandro Héctor"},{"family":"Ulreich","given":"Berthold"},{"family":"Villegas","given":"Mauricio"},{"family":"Vidal","given":"Enrique"},{"family":"Walcher","given":"Johanna"},{"family":"Weidemann","given":"Max"},{"family":"Wurster","given":"Herbert"},{"family":"Zagoris","given":"Konstantinos"}],"issued":{"date-parts":[["2019",7,24]]}}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"}?>(Muehlberger u. a. 2019) und auf der mittlerweile (Stand Ende 2019) mehr als 1‘000‘000 Dokumentenseiten bearbeitet wurden.<ref xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" n="2" target="ftn2" /> Die Verbesserung der Technologie führte gleichzeitig zur Einführung von unterstützenden Tools und Methoden, die reine Texte entweder mit höherer Genauigkeit suchbar machen oder strukturierende Maßnahmen ermöglichen. Es spielt also eine Rolle, welche Resultate erreicht werden sollen und welche Ziele der vorgesehene Zugriff hat. Im Rahmen des Papers werden drei Herangehensweisen skizziert, die ausgehend von unterschiedlichen Zielvorstellungen andere Aufbereitungsschritte und die Allokation von Ressourcen an verschiedenen Stellen nötig machen. Das Paper fokussiert auf die Nutzung von Transkribus, da die Software frei nutzbar und aufgrund des GUI innerhalb von zwei Arbeitstagen ohne Vorkenntnisse erlernbar ist (siehe dazu auch die How-To Guides: <?biblio ADDIN ZOTERO_ITEM CSL_CITATION {"citationID":"UujlFHGI","properties":{"formattedCitation":"(O//uc0//u160{}A o.//uc0//u160{}J.)","plainCitation":"(O A o. J.)","noteIndex":0},"citationItems":[{"id":17607,"uris":["http://zotero.org/users/534029/items/PLZ7B5Z9"],"uri":["http://zotero.org/users/534029/items/PLZ7B5Z9"],"itemData":{"id":17607,"type":"webpage","title":"READ: Transkribus","URL":"https://read.transkribus.eu/transkribus/","language":"en-GB","accessed":{"date-parts":[["2019",9,12]]}}}],"schema":"https://github.com/citation-style-language/schema/raw/master/csl-citation.json"}?>READ 2019). Darin eingeschlossen ist die Anfertigung eigener Modelle zur Erkennung von Handschriften bzw. alter Drucke.