<note xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:id="ftn1" n="1" place="foot"> <ref target="https://www.cedifor.de/en/cedifor/current-pilot-projects/pilot-projects/digitale-erschliessung-epigraphischer-denkmaeler/"> https://www.cedifor.de/en/cedifor/current-pilot-projects/pilot-projects/digitale-erschliessung-epigraphischer-denkmaeler </ref> </note> <note xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:id="ftn2" n="2" place="foot"> <ptr target="http://titus.fkidg1.uni-frankfurt.de/texte/etcg/cauc/ageo/inscr/carcera/carce.htm/" /> and <ptr target="http://gnc.gov.ge/gnc/page" /> </note> <note xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:id="ftn3" n="3" place="foot"> See also Hoenen & Samushia (2016)</note> <note xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:id="ftn4" n="4" place="foot"> <ptr target="http://edh-www.adw.uni-heidelberg.de/home" /> </note> <note xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:id="ftn5" n="5" place="foot"> In principle, all but sign languages should make use of vowels, at least empirically in the Word atlas of language structures, Dryer and Haspelmath (2013) (see wals.info), there are no languages with less than 2 vowel qualities. Furthermore the lowest consonant vowel ratio in 563 languages has still more consonants (10) than vowels (9), see Maddieson (2013b,a).</note> <note xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:id="ftn6" n="6" place="foot"> A third observation on vowels could be related: vowels are synchronically (dialects) and diachronically (language change) less stable.</note> <note xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:id="ftn7" n="7" place="foot"> We write formulas in LaTeX syntax in order to avoid for simple formulae to be given too much space.</note> <note xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xml:id="ftn8" n="8" place="foot"> Note, that an abbreviation can be understood as a k-skip-n-gram, Guthrie et al. (2006). The first numbers in the summing column of the table then coincide with the numbers (sum of) of all possible k-skip-n-grams for w (and all possible <hi rend="italic">n</hi> and <hi rend="italic"> k</hi>). </note>